Polymethylmethacrylate nanoplastics effects on the freshwater cnidarian Hydra viridissima

The current understanding of nanoplastics (NPLs) toxicity to freshwater biota, especially the potential toxic effects polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), remains limited. Thus, present work intended add knowledge about ecotoxicity ∼40 nm PMMA-NPLs focusing on lethality, morphology, feeding and regeneration capacity cnidarian Hydra viridissima, after an exposure period 96 h. Results showed that high concentrations can impair survival H. with estimated h-LC50 84.0 mg PMMA-NPLs/L. Several morphological alterations were detected at below 40 mg/L, namely partial or total loss tentacles, which, however, did not induce significant rates. Morphological previously reported in literature also found h exposure, such as double elbow-like tentacles. Exposure PMMA-NPLs/L significantly impacted hydra regeneration, organisms exposed presenting slower rates comparatively controls, but no impacts Overall, this highlights need assess NPLs biota. viridissima species was sensitive a wide range endpoints showing its value biological model study small plastic particles.